Interfacing Bat Conservation and Indigenous Cultural Community Perspectives in Aran Cave System, Tuba, Benguet

Asinas, Joseph Lemuel G.

Bat conservation initiatives must consider both the ecological and social aspects to address the specific needs of local Bat populations and human communities. This study aimed to assess the bat species diversity and indigenous community perspective in a lowland karst area of Tuba, Benguet, Cordillera Administrative Region, in order to develop recommendations for localized bat conservation. Bat sampling was conducted during the wet season of 2023 using a catch-and release method with mist nets, alongside dusk cave emergence count based on video recordings, Community data were collected through preliminary group discussions. Key informant interviews, and household surveys that explored sociodemographic profiles, bat-related interactions, knowledge in beliefs, and conservation attitudes. Survey responses were analyzed using thematic analysis, Chi-square test, and Generalized linear Modelling (GLM). Eight bat species were recorded, including the first documented presence of Macroglossus minimus, Rhinolophus macrotis, and a roost of Rousettus amplexicaudatus in the province of Benguet, at an elevation of about 435-690 masl. The cave bat colony was estimated to exceed a thousand individuals. Moreover, the findings revealed a low extent of human-bat conflict within the community, with minimal habitat overlap, develop wildlife tolerance, and low disease risk perception. Locals demonstrated practical knowledge and positive attitudes towards bats that are not rooted in superstition. By integrating bat diversity data and community perspectives, the study developed strategies for local species conservation and stakeholder engagement. To improve compliance with bat-related laws and regulations, future interventions should prioritize economic opportunities and initiatives to enhance the social acceptability of bats.